Child Language Acquisition/Development - Joey Transcript
Child Language Acquisition/Development
Joey Transcript - Question and Resources
Question 4:
https://filestore.aqa.org.uk/resources/english/AQA-77021-SQP.PDF
Student responses with examiner commentary:
https://filestore.aqa.org.uk/resources/english/AQA-77021-CEX.PDF
Mark Scheme:
https://filestore.aqa.org.uk/resources/english/AQA-77021-SMS.PDF
Joey Transcript - Question and Resources
Question 4:
https://filestore.aqa.org.uk/resources/english/AQA-77021-SQP.PDF
Student responses with examiner commentary:
https://filestore.aqa.org.uk/resources/english/AQA-77021-CEX.PDF
Mark Scheme:
https://filestore.aqa.org.uk/resources/english/AQA-77021-SMS.PDF
“Interaction with caregivers is the most important influence
on a child’s language development.” Referring to Data Set 1 in detail, and to
relevant ideas from language study, evaluate this view of children’s language
development. [30 marks]
Introduction:
·
‘Interaction with caregivers…’
·
Divides language theorists
·
Mention both sides of argument briefly (e.g. ‘However,
theorists on the other side, like Chomsky, believe language acquisition is an
innate ability.’)
·
Possibly mention:
o
Post-telegraphic stage
o
Child-directed speech
·
Caregiver methods – repetition, interrogatives,
positive and negative reinforcement
P1:
·
Skinner – blank slate- behaviourist theory
·
Caregiver methods, e.g. positive and negative
reinforcement, shape a child’s lexical ability
·
‘Prawns not crawns’
·
Skinner himself was not able to rpove thos as he
only tested on rats
·
However, Deb Roy was able to record this son’s
progress from ‘gaga’ to water’ through how his parents reinforced the lexis ’water’
to him until he was able to phonetically say it. He understood it sooner but
needed to develop his phonetic ability with the help of his vorstelcaregivers.
·
Shows caregivers are the ones who provide children
with the lexis they need and then encouraging them to use it
o
Seen through the constant interrogatives
directed at Joey from the caregiver
P2:
Bruner – LASS
Bruner – LASS
·
Children require different contexts and
interactions provided by the caregiver
·
Ritualised scenarios – ‘what shall we play with
[Joey goes over to his play kitchen] oh (.) are you going to cook some dinner’ –
‘what are you going to have today sir’ (intimating it from possibly a waiter or
serve at a restaurant)
o
Shows caregiver is providing the tools Joey
needs to acquire new lexis and situations in which he might use it
·
Halliday’s imaginative function – Joey
pretending to cook builds his pragmatic awareness because he is using lexis for
more complex situations
o
‘“egg (.) I’ve got lots of eggs’
o
Repetition – reinforcing his lexis, making sure
he is understood
P3:
·
Berko-Gleesen – Wug Test
·
Children naturally understand grammatical and
linguistic rules without being taught them
·
They are able to apply tenses and create plural
lexis for words that don’t even exist
o
Shows that they have an ingrained ability to
adapt lexis depending on context
o
This is not an influence of caregiver language
as Joey has never heard an adult say ‘that’s my daddy’s books that is’ –
virtuous error
·
However, virtuous errors could also possibly be
a result of societal and caregiver mistakes in that people often become lazy with
their language which influences the child to do the same
o
They end up mimicking lazy language which causes
mistakes in their own
·
Chomsky – nativist theory
·
Children are born with a Language Acquisition
Device (LAD) that grants them the innate ability to apply grammatical rules –
leads to overgeneralisation
o
This is not an influence of caregiver language
as Joey has never heard an adult say ‘that’s my daddy’s books that is’ –
virtuous error
o
‘that say
crawn’
·
Can be seen through Joey’s development in the post-telegraphic
stage
o
Use of auxiliaries, determiners, negatives, interrogatives
·
Scientific evidence for a LAD – FoxP2 – device in
your genes that helps us pick up language
o
People with defects in this gene have speech
problems
o
Discovered in 2001
P4:
·
Chomsky – nativist theory
·
Children are born with a Language Acquisition
Device (LAD) that grants them the innate ability to apply grammatical rules –
leads to overgeneralisation
o
This is not an influence of caregiver language
as Joey has never heard an adult say ‘that’s my daddy’s books that is’ –
virtuous error
o
‘that say
crawn’
·
Can be seen through Joey’s development in the post-telegraphic
stage
o
Use of auxiliaries, determiners, negatives, interrogatives
·
Scientific evidence for a LAD – FoxP2 – device in
your genes that helps us pick up language
o
People with defects in this gene have speech
problems
o
Discovered in 2001
P5:
·
Genie – never had a caregiver – feral child
·
Was able to pick up vocabulary but never apply
to a sentences
·
Gained lexis not grammar
·
Same with animals – through positive and
negative reinforcement animals are able to identify objects and learn the words
for them and communicate them
o
However they cannot form sentences or
phonetically say the words
·
Evidence for a CAP – we may have a LAD but this
is useless without a caregiver
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